The Seeds and Breeds for the Future Act would increase federal funding and coordination for developing new crop varieties and animal breeds through public research programs. The legislation requires the Department of Agriculture to set aside at least $75 million annually for competitive grants focused on developing publicly-owned seeds and breeds, with priority given to varieties that are climate-resilient, regionally adapted, and beneficial to local and Indigenous communities. The bill establishes a new coordinator position within the Agriculture Department to oversee plant and animal breeding research across federal agencies and to track all breeding programs funded with federal money, with results reported publicly each year. Anyone who receives intellectual property rights to publicly-funded cultivars or animal breeds must agree to produce them substantially in the United States, ensuring domestic production. The legislation also requires the Agriculture Department to implement and report on a national strategy for managing plant and animal genetic resources, including addressing the backlog of work needed to preserve existing animal germplasm collections.