The Ballots by Election Day Act would require all absentee and mail-in ballots in federal elections to be received by election officials by the time polls close on Election Day in order to be counted. Currently, many states allow mail-in ballots to arrive and be counted for several days after the election, but this bill would establish a uniform national deadline. The legislation includes an exception for military members and U.S. citizens living overseas, who would continue to have additional time to submit their ballots under existing federal law. The bill would take effect for all federal elections beginning in 2027. The legislation was introduced by Senators Lankford and Lee and was referred to the Senate Rules and Administration Committee.