The Chloe Cole Act would prohibit healthcare professionals, hospitals, and clinics from providing puberty blockers, sex hormones, or gender-related surgeries to minors under 18 years old, with limited exceptions for treating disorders of sexual development and other specified medical conditions. The bill establishes a federal civil lawsuit option for individuals who received these treatments as children or their parents, allowing them to seek compensatory damages (including costs to reverse procedures), non-economic damages for emotional distress, and punitive damages against healthcare providers. Healthcare providers would face strict liability if they cannot prove by clear and convincing evidence that their treatment qualified for one of the statutory exceptions. The law would apply to treatments provided before or after enactment and uses federal jurisdiction based on interstate commerce, with lawsuits permitted up to 25 years after a person turns 18 or within four years of incurring detransition treatment costs, whichever is later.
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