The National Flood Insurance Program Reauthorization and Reform Act of 2025 makes sweeping changes to federal flood insurance to make it more affordable and modernize the program's operations. The bill caps annual premium increases at 9 percent for five years and creates a new means-tested assistance program providing graduated discounts to eligible low- and moderate-income households with incomes up to 140 percent of area median income, supported by $250–600 million in annual funding through 2028. It also establishes flood mitigation loan programs for homeowners and state and tribal governments, upgrades flood mapping technology with $500 million annually through 2029, and creates new appeal processes allowing property owners to challenge flood maps and seek reimbursement for successful appeals. Additionally, the legislation strengthens protections for flood insurance claimants, improves transparency in premium calculations, provides a grace period for policy renewal without penalty, and establishes various oversight measures including new advisory councils and accountability requirements for private insurers participating in the program.
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