The CARE for Moms Act addresses the United States' maternal mortality crisis, which claims nearly 1,000 women annually—a rate significantly higher than other developed nations and disproportionately affecting Black women, who die at nearly three times the rate of white women. The bill expands Medicaid and CHIP coverage to guarantee 12-month postpartum benefits for pregnant and postpartum individuals, with federal funding at 100% for the first five years, and establishes a $35 million annual grant program from 2027 to 2031 for state perinatal quality collaboratives to improve pregnancy outcomes through evidence-based practices. The legislation also funds regional centers of excellence at medical and nursing schools to train providers on implicit bias and cultural competency, directs the Health and Human Services Secretary to issue guidance on Medicaid coverage for doula services, and mandates a report to Congress analyzing geographic disparities in maternal health funding and needs. To fund these initiatives, the bill substantially increases federal excise taxes on tobacco products, doubling cigarette taxes and raising taxes on other tobacco and nicotine products while implementing annual inflation adjustments beginning in 2026.