H.R. 5547 strengthens federal requirements for how schools serve English learners, including immigrant children and youth, by expanding resources, monitoring, and data collection. The bill amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act to require schools to track student progress more thoroughly—including the racial, ethnic, gender, and linguistic makeup of teachers—and to monitor whether former English learners continue succeeding academically. Schools receiving federal funding must expand services to include culturally competent teacher training, legal and financial resources for families in their native languages, access to dual language programs, and evidence-based instructional practices. The legislation also directs schools experiencing significant increases in immigrant populations to assess how state and local laws affect English learners and inform families of those laws in their native languages. While the bill text does not specify new funding amounts or implementation timelines, these changes would apply to schools receiving federal grants under the English Language Acquisition program as they renew their plans.