This bill establishes coordinated federal efforts to strengthen United States access to critical minerals needed for national security, economic competitiveness, and advanced technology. The legislation requires the State Department's Foreign Service Institute to create mandatory training programs for diplomatic officers assigned to positions focused on energy and critical minerals, with curriculum covering global supply chains, U.S. strategy, competition with China, and region-specific mineral resources and vulnerabilities. The bill also creates new National Security Council positions, including a Special Advisor to the President for Critical Minerals and Supply Chains at the Deputy National Security Advisor level, along with two Deputy Special Advisors for domestic and international coordination on supply chain development and policy recommendations. The Foreign Service training requirements are set to expire three years after enactment, while the training materials will be shared across relevant federal departments and agencies. The legislation aims to strengthen diplomatic capacity to address vulnerabilities in critical mineral supply chains and counter predatory economic practices by adversaries like China.