The 21st Century Dyslexia Act amends federal special education law to create a formal definition of dyslexia and ensure students with dyslexia receive appropriate accommodations and services. The bill specifically defines dyslexia as an unexpected difficulty in reading caused primarily by challenges with phonological processing (recognizing individual sounds in spoken language), which affects reading and spelling abilities. The legislation applies to all public school students identified as eligible for special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, with particular emphasis on ensuring equal access to accommodations and services for low-income students, students from low-income families, and English language learners. The bill does not specify new funding amounts or implementation timelines, but requires local and other educational agencies to provide equal access to dyslexia-related accommodations and services for all eligible children regardless of socioeconomic status or language background.
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