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H.R. 5827, the "Modernizing America with Rebuilding to Kickstart the Economy of the Twenty-first Century with a Historic Infrastructure-Centered Expansion Act," is a comprehensive bill that establishes a carbon tax on fossil fuels and industrial emissions starting at $35 per metric ton in 2027, escalating annually, with revenues directed to infrastructure and environmental programs including highway improvements, coastal flooding mitigation, and clean energy research. The bill affects manufacturers, fossil fuel producers, and consumers through carbon pricing and border tax adjustments on imported goods, while distributing revenue through a "RISE Trust Fund" that allocates 70% to highways and 30% to other infrastructure and assistance programs through 2036. Beyond climate policy, the legislation addresses a wide range of issues including cancer research funding increases, voter access reforms allowing independent voters in primaries, restrictions on congressional stock trading, school safety standards, PFAS contamination coordination, and expanded veterans' benefits for ALS-related deaths. The bill also establishes a bipartisan fiscal commission to recommend deficit reduction measures and provides worker assistance programs for those displaced by fossil fuel restrictions. The carbon tax moratorium on EPA regulations runs through 2039, with automatic expiration if emissions targets are not met by specified review dates in 2030 and 2034.

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