The EXPERTS Act of 2025 overhauls how federal agencies develop rules by requiring greater transparency about who funds scientific studies submitted during rulemaking and mandating disclosure of conflicts of interest when study authors or funders have financial stakes in the outcome. The bill streamlines rulemaking by restricting "negotiated rulemaking" processes to government representatives only, tightening the Office of Management and Budget's regulatory review timeline to 60 days, and allowing agencies to reinstate previously rejected rules more quickly. To increase public participation, the bill requires agencies to publicize proposed rules on websites and social media within two business days and respond within 60 days to petitions signed by over 100,000 people, while also establishing a new Office of the Public Advocate within OMB. The legislation imposes significant penalties—up to $1 million—on public companies that submit false information during rulemaking, and it requires agencies to account for non-monetary public health benefits and equity impacts when evaluating proposed rules, though it limits how courts can review these analyses.