The Rural Residency Planning and Development Act of 2025 creates two federal grant programs to help establish and support physician residency programs in rural areas. The bill authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services to award three-year grants (extendable) to eligible organizations—including hospitals, medical schools, tribal entities, and community health centers—to develop new rural residency programs that train doctors in primary care, specialty care, maternal health, and other fields identified by the Secretary. A companion technical assistance program provides four-year grants to help current and future applicants succeed in developing these programs. The legislation funds both programs at $12.7 million annually from 2026 through 2030, with funds remaining available until spent. The goal is to increase the number of physicians trained to practice in rural communities, addressing healthcare workforce shortages in underserved areas.
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