H.R. 6879 restricts the sale of the most advanced artificial intelligence chips designed for data centers to countries deemed threats to U.S. national security, including China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. The bill requires export licenses for these advanced chips to all countries in a broader restricted group, but completely denies licenses to entities in countries of concern. However, the law creates an exemption allowing U.S. companies and their overseas subsidiaries to transfer these chips freely if they meet strict approval requirements, including limits on foreign ownership (no more than 10 percent from countries of concern) and robust security and compliance standards. The Commerce Department has 90 days to establish the regulations defining how companies can become "approved U.S. persons" eligible for this exemption and must verify compliance through annual audits. The restrictions automatically expire five years after the law takes effect, and the Commerce Department can update the definition of "advanced chips" every two years as technology evolves, though it must notify Congress 30 days beforehand.
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