H.R. 7518 amends a 1990 agricultural law to strengthen two specialized research institutes focused on forestry in tropical regions. The bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture to maintain minimum staffing levels—at least 50 employees at the Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico and at least 30 at the Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry—and to provide adequate funding and resources for their research activities. These institutes conduct science, research, and knowledge-sharing work related to tropical and Pacific Islands forestry. The bill affects the Department of Agriculture's budget and operations but does not specify new appropriations or implementation timelines. The legislation was introduced by representatives from Hawaii and Puerto Rico, reflecting the geographic focus of these research centers.