This bill requires health insurance plans and government health programs to cover two specific cardiovascular blood tests—lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein B level testing—without charging patients any out-of-pocket costs. The coverage applies to individuals with risk factors for heart disease, including those with a family history of early cardiovascular disease, previous heart attacks or strokes, diabetes, obesity, or elevated cholesterol. The bill affects private group and individual health insurance plans, Medicare, and Medicaid programs. The requirements take effect 180 days after the bill becomes law for private insurance and the same date for Medicare and Medicaid. Congress included this legislation because cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, and these specific blood tests can better identify people at risk for heart attack or stroke than standard cholesterol tests alone.