The Semiconductor Controls Effectiveness Act of 2026 requires the State Department's Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Research to conduct a comprehensive review of how well U.S. export controls on semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing equipment are working against China. Within 360 days of the bill's enactment, the Assistant Secretary must submit a detailed report to Congress analyzing each export control, including when it was imposed, whether it's working as intended, and how it affects China's military capabilities, artificial intelligence development, and semiconductor industry alongside impacts on U.S. companies and global competitiveness. The report must examine whether foreign competitors are undermining these controls and should include recommendations for improving enforcement, closing loopholes, and enhancing industry cooperation. The assessment involves coordination with the Commerce Department and intelligence agencies, as well as input from private sector companies, academic experts, and think tanks. The final report will be made public in unclassified form on the State Department website, though classified details may be included in a separate annex.
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