The Special Election Timeliness Act (SET Act) requires states to hold special elections to fill vacant House seats within 180 days of when the vacancy occurs, unless a regularly scheduled general election is happening during that period. The bill applies to vacancies caused by death, resignation, or incapacity of elected representatives. The Attorney General and aggrieved individuals, including the Speaker and Minority Leader of the House, can sue states in federal court to enforce the 180-day deadline. This legislation aims to ensure that vacant congressional districts do not go unrepresented for extended periods and gives courts the power to compel states to comply with the election timeline.
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