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This bill strengthens national security protections by restricting foreign adversaries from purchasing or leasing land in the United States, particularly agricultural land and property near sensitive military and infrastructure sites. The legislation defines six foreign adversary countries—China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, and Venezuela—and gives the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) expanded authority to review and block real estate transactions by entities from these nations. The bill establishes a high bar for approval of such "elevated risk" transactions, presuming they pose an unresolvable national security threat unless the Committee can prove otherwise through clear and convincing evidence and notify Congress. Additionally, the legislation adds the Secretary of Agriculture to CFIUS to address concerns about foreign control of farmland and agricultural biotechnology, while preserving states' ability to impose their own restrictions on foreign land purchases. The Committee must issue implementing rules within 120 days of the bill's enactment.

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