The STOP Senior Fraud Act authorizes banks and other financial institutions to delay or refuse transactions for up to 55 days if they reasonably believe financial exploitation is occurring involving older adults (age 62+), vulnerable persons, or accounts with a history of fraud. The delay can be extended to 85 days if the institution conducts an internal review supporting their concerns. When a transaction is blocked, banks must notify the account holder, a trusted contact if available, and report the suspected exploitation to law enforcement and adult protective services within two business days. The bill requires financial institutions to train employees on identifying and handling potential financial exploitation and protects banks from liability for good faith decisions to delay, refuse, or allow transactions under these provisions. The law takes effect 180 days after enactment and allows the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to issue implementing rules, while preserving any state or local protections that offer greater safeguards for seniors and vulnerable people.