To provide for Federal oversight of the development and deployment of frontier artificial intelligence in interstate and foreign commerce, and for other purposes.
About This Bill
Committee
Latest Action · July 23, 2026
Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
# Summary of H.R. 9925: FRONTIER Act
This bill creates a federal regulatory framework for overseeing the development and deployment of advanced artificial intelligence models that pose catastrophic risks. The law specifically targets "frontier AI" models—large, powerful AI systems trained using massive amounts of computing power—and establishes two tiers of requirements based on company size and spending.
The bill requires large AI developers (those with over $50 million in annual revenue and at least $1 billion in AI development spending) to create and publicly publish detailed safety frameworks describing how they identify, assess, and manage catastrophic risks from their AI models. These companies must also hire independent third-party auditors annually to verify they are complying with their stated safety practices. Very large developers—those exceeding $5 billion in revenue and $10 billion in AI spending—face stricter requirements, including ongoing assessments by federally licensed independent verification organizations that must evaluate whether the company adequately mitigates catastrophic risks.
The bill establishes a new Under Secretary of Commerce for AI Security to oversee the licensing and conduct of independent verification organizations, issue regulations within 180 days of enactment, and monitor compliance. It also creates reporting mechanisms allowing developers and the public to confidentially report critical safety incidents, with developers required to report serious incidents within 72 hours or law enforcement within 24 hours if they pose imminent risk of death or injury.
The Secretary of Commerce gains authority to issue emergency orders suspending or restricting a frontier model's development or deployment if it poses an imminent catastrophic risk, with expedited judicial review procedures. Violations carry civil penalties of up to $1 million per violation for transparency and reporting requirements and up to $10 million per violation for emergency order violations. The bill preempts most state AI regulations but preserves state authority over AI deployment by users, consumer protection, and procurement by government entities.
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